In computing, a programmer is someone who does computer programming and develops computer software. A programmer can be one who develops and maintains software on a large mainframe system or one who develops software primarily for use on personal computers. In this sense, a programmer may be considered a software engineer or software developer.
Ada Lovelace is considered history's first programmer. She was the first to express an algorithm intended for implementation on a computer, Charles Babbage's analytical engine, in October 1842.
Those proficient in computer programming skills may become famous, though this regard is normally limited to software engineering circles. Many of the most notable programmers are often labeled "hackers". Programmers often have or project an image of individualist geekdom, resistance to suits (referring to both business suits and 'The Establishment'), controls and unionisation.
Programmers come in all shapes and sizes. Professional programmers work in corporate IT departments, big companies or small service firms.
According to the U.S. Department of Labor:
- Nearly half of all computer programmers held a bachelor's degree in 2002; about 1 in 5 held a graduate degree .
- Employment is expected to grow much more slowly than that of other computer specialists.
- Prospects should be best for college graduates with knowledge of a variety of programming languages and tools; those with less formal education or its equivalent in work experience should face strong competition for employment.
Recently, this sector has experienced significant downsizing in the US, while jobs are offshored to other areas where much lower salaries can be paid, such as India and China.
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